Independent Edge Domination Topology of Some Graph Families. European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Maryland, USA, v. 18, n. 2, p. 6046, 2025. DOI: 10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i2.6046. Disponível em: https://www.ejpam.com/ejpam/article/view/6046. Acesso em: 23 feb. 2026.